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# DEEPSEA CHALLENGE

## Sitemaps

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## Posts

- [Expedition Journal](https://deepseachallenge.com/milestones/expedition-journal/) - EXPEDITION JOURNAL FilterExpedition Journal April 4, 2012Believing in ExplorationBelieving in Exploration Today we made two more dives with the DEEPSEA CHALLENGER. They were brief…Read More April 2, 2012The Master BuilderRead More April 1, 2012The Sub TamerThe Sub Tamer Ulithi Atoll Last night the Mermaid Sapphire left the lagoon and steamed to the deep…Read More March 31, 2012The Checklist GuruThe
- [Marianas Trench Marine National Monument](https://deepseachallenge.com/the-science/marianas-trench-marine-national-monument/) - MARIANAS TRENCH MARINE NATIONAL MONUMENT “My dream as a child in Detroit was to help protect at least a small part of the world for the future’s kids. Little did I know that I’d be given the responsibility and privilege of helping to care for one of the largest, and arguably the most otherworldly place
- [Geology](https://deepseachallenge.com/the-science/geology/) - GEOLOGY Descending to the deepest point of the Mariana Trench gave scientists an up-close look at an area where two tectonic plates meet. Illustration courtesy National Geographic Infographic of tectonic plates When James Cameron descended nearly 7 miles (11 kilometers) into the Challenger Deep, he found a world that seemed very, very still. Living things
- [Microbiology](https://deepseachallenge.com/the-science/microbiology/) - MICROBIOLOGY While James Cameron may not have seen many life-forms in the Challenger Deep, expedition scientists have confirmed that the oceans’ deepest places are crawling with one particular type of life: microbes. These single-celled creatures interest researchers because of their ability to thrive in an extreme environment. Locked in their cell walls could be insight
- [Biology](https://deepseachallenge.com/the-science/biology/) - THE BIOLOGY Editor’s note: On March 26, 2012, James Cameron made a record-breaking solo dive to the Earth’s deepest point, successfully piloting the DEEPSEA CHALLENGER nearly 7 seven miles (11 kilometers) to the Challenger Deep in the Mariana Trench. DEEPSEA CHALLENGE is now in its second phase—scientific analysis of the expedition’s findings. At the frigid bottoms of Earth’s ocean
- [Then and Now](https://deepseachallenge.com/the-sub/then-and-now/) - THEN AND NOW Editor’s note: On March 26, 2012, James Cameron made a record-breaking solo dive to the Earth’s deepest point, successfully piloting the DEEPSEA CHALLENGER nearly 7 seven miles (11 kilometers) to the Challenger Deep in the Mariana Trench. DEEPSEA CHALLENGE is now in its second phase—scientific analysis of the expedition’s findings. Click here for news about the
- [Equipment](https://deepseachallenge.com/the-sub/equipment/) - EQUIPMENT MECHANICAL ARM When the pilot encounters something he’d like to collect or examine, a hydraulic arm will emerge from the payload bay. Controlled by a joystick, it’s a real-life version of the mechanical limbs Cameron created for his films Aliens and Avatar. He’ll use the gripper to pick up rocks and deep-sea creatures and
- [Safety](https://deepseachallenge.com/the-sub/safety/) - SAFETY As with spaceships, deep-sea submersibles must be engineered to accommodate innumerable challenges, including dramatic changes in pressure and a total absence of light. In the process of meeting these challenges, the DEEPSEA CHALLENGER expedition team built upon the invaluable contributions of its predecessors and peers to make historic breakthroughs in submersible design, research tools,
- [Systems and Technology](https://deepseachallenge.com/the-sub/systems-and-technology/) - SYSTEMS AND TECHNOLOGY Editor’s note: On March 26, 2012, James Cameron made a record-breaking solo dive to the Earth’s deepest point, successfully piloting the DEEPSEA CHALLENGER nearly 7 seven miles (11 kilometers) to the Challenger Deep in the Mariana Trench. DEEPSEA CHALLENGE is now in its second phase—scientific analysis of the expedition’s findings. Click here for news about the
- [Pilot Sphere](https://deepseachallenge.com/the-sub/pilot-sphere/) - PILOT SPHERE Although the DEEPSEA CHALLENGER is as long as a stretch limo, the pilot’s home will be the cramped pilot sphere. With an internal diameter of 43 inches (109 centimeters) and an interior filled with electronics and life-support equipment, the sphere is so small that while inside the pilot’s legs are tightly bent and
- [Sub Facts](https://deepseachallenge.com/the-sub/sub-facts/) - SUB FACTS Illustration courtesy Acheron Project Pty Ltd DEEPSEA CHALLENGER Editor’s note: On March 26, 2012, James Cameron made a record-breaking solo dive to the Earth’s deepest point, successfully piloting the DEEPSEA CHALLENGER nearly 7 seven miles (11 kilometers) to the Challenger Deep in the Mariana Trench. DEEPSEA CHALLENGE is now in its second phase—scientific analysis of the expedition’s
- [What's Next](https://deepseachallenge.com/the-expedition/whats-next/) - WHAT'S NEXT Knowledge Transfer and Partnerships On March 26, 2013, the one-year anniversary of his record-setting dive to Challenger Deep, Cameron announced a formal partnership with Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution (WHOI), a world leader in oceanographic research and technology, specifically manned and unmanned deep submergence vehicles. The DEEPSEA CHALLENGER was transferred to WHOI, where its
- [The Mariana Trench](https://deepseachallenge.com/the-expedition/the-mariana-trench/) - THE MARIANA TRENCH Map courtesy National Geographic Maps East of the Mariana Islands is the deepest gash on the planet’s surface, the Mariana Trench (shown here in dark blue), which formed where the Pacific Ocean collides and dives under the Philippine Plate. The Challenger Deep is near the southern end. While thousands of climbers have
- [ROLEX DEEPSEA HISTORY](https://deepseachallenge.com/the-expedition/rolex-deepsea-history/) - ROLEX DEEPSEA HISTORY A WATCH MEETS THE CHALLENGE OF THE DEEP Fifty-two years ago Rolex made watchmaking history when it joined the bathyscaphe Trieste, crewed by Swiss oceanographer Jacques Piccard and U.S. Navy Lieutenant Don Walsh, as the Swiss-designed bathyscaphe descended to the then deepest-known point in the ocean. An experimental Rolex Deep Sea Special
- [1960 DIVE](https://deepseachallenge.com/the-team/1960-dive/) - 1960 DIVE This article was originally published in the August 1960 issue of National Geographic magazine and retains the original language and spellings. Man’s Deepest DiveBy Jacques Piccard “Do you think we shall be able to make the dive?” The voice of our faithful engineer, Giuseppe Buono, was taut with anxiety. A 37-year-old Italian, he
- [Tribute to Andrew & Mike](https://deepseachallenge.com/the-team/tribute-to-andrew-mike/) - TRIBUTE TO ANDREW & MIKE DEEPSEA CHALLENGE producer and director Andrew Wight, James Cameron’s documentary producing partner, and noted underwater cinematographer and marine conservationist Mike deGruy died in a helicopter crash in Australia on February 4, 2012. Wight had been piloting his R-44 helicopter to capture images from the air. Wight had partnered with Cameron
- [Ron Allum](https://deepseachallenge.com/the-team/ron-allum/) - RON ALLUM Submersible Co-designer and Pilot Ron Allum has been heavily involved in James Cameron’s deep-sea expeditions since 2001. During this time his quiet manner and unique ability to adapt, design, and build special equipment for use on the Russian Mir submersibles earned him the title of “The Professor” aboard ship. For Cameron’s 2004 expedition
- [James Cameron](https://deepseachallenge.com/the-team/james-cameron/) - JAMES CAMERON Expedition Leader, Submersible Co-designer, and Pilot Born in Canada, James Cameron moved to California in 1971 at the age of 17. He studied physics at Fullerton Junior College while working as a machinist, and later a truck driver. Setting his sights on a career in film, Cameron quit his trucking job and went
- [Expedition Risks and Dangers](https://deepseachallenge.com/the-expedition/expedition-risks-and-dangers/) - EXPEDITION RISKS AND DANGERS “Worry is a good thing when you’re an explorer. It’s when you’re cavalier, when you take risk for granted, that’s when you’re gonna get bit.” — James Cameron Exploration is inherently dangerous. The DEEPSEA CHALLENGE team is cognizant of the risk of traveling to the ocean’s deepest point and does everything
- [An Exploration First](https://deepseachallenge.com/video/an-exploration-first/) - An Exploration First Play Video
- [Sub Sphere](https://deepseachallenge.com/video/sub-sphere/) - Sub Sphere Play Video
- [Long Way Down](https://deepseachallenge.com/video/long-way-down/) - Long Way Down Play Video
- [A New Age of Exploration](https://deepseachallenge.com/video/a-new-age-of-exploration/) - A New Age of Exploration Play Video
- [Sounding the Deepest Spot on Earth](https://deepseachallenge.com/video/sounding-the-deepest-spot-on-earth/) - Sounding the Deepest Spot on Earth Play Video
- [James Cameron Breaks Solo Dive Record](https://deepseachallenge.com/video/james-cameron-breaks-solo-dive-record/) - James Cameron Breaks Solo Dive Record Play Video
- [Photos: DEEPSEA CHALLENGER Launch](https://deepseachallenge.com/inside-the-expedition/photos-deepsea-challenger-launch/) - Photos: DEEPSEA CHALLENGER Launch James Cameron and Don Walsh Talk Before Launch Photograph by Mark Thiessen/National Geographic Filmmaker and National Geographic Explorer-in-Residence James Cameron has a final conversation with ocean explorer and U.S. Navy Capt. Don Walsh (far right) just before the hatch on the DEEPSEA CHALLENGER submersible is closed and the voyage to the deepest part
- [Deepest Solo Dive Makes History!](https://deepseachallenge.com/latest-news/deepest-solo-dive-makes-history/) - Deepest Solo Dive Makes History! National Geographic and Rolex congratulate James Cameron and the DEEPSEA CHALLENGE team on a successful and historic expedition to the Challenger Deep in the Mariana Trench. With this achievement, Cameron becomes the first person to make a solo dive to the deepest place on Earth. The endeavor was one of scientific discovery in
- [We Just Did the Impossible](https://deepseachallenge.com/expedition-journal/we-just-did-the-impossible/) - We Just Did the Impossible The Challenger Deep, Mariana Trench “He’s on the bottom. His depth is 35,756 feet. All systems are performing well.” These were the words relayed to us on the Mermaid Sapphire after Jim’s historic, 7-mile (11-kilometer) touchdown on the sediments of the Challenger Deep. We were in a small, dark communications room on
- [Breaking News: Cameron Begins Descent](https://deepseachallenge.com/latest-news/breaking-news-cameron-begins-descent/) - Breaking News: Cameron Begins Descent After years of preparation and days of uncooperative weather conditions, James Cameron, at approximately 2 p.m. ET (4 a.m., local time), began descending solo to Earth’s deepest, and perhaps most alien, realm,according to members of the National Geographic expedition. If all goes to plan, within two hours of his submersible’s launch, the
- [Breaking News: Cameron Begins Descent](https://deepseachallenge.com/latest-news/breaking-news-cameron-begins-descent/) - Breaking News: Cameron Begins Descent After years of preparation and days of uncooperative weather conditions, James Cameron, at approximately 2 p.m. ET (4 a.m., local time), began descending solo to Earth’s deepest, and perhaps most alien, realm,according to members of the National Geographic expedition. If all goes to plan, within two hours of his submersible’s launch, the
- [Mariana Trench Mission This Weekend?](https://deepseachallenge.com/latest-news/mariana-trench-mission-this-weekend/) - Mariana Trench Mission This Weekend? After years of preparation, James Cameron now may be just hours from attempting his unprecedented solo dive to the ocean‘s deepest point, members of the National Geographic expedition confirmed Saturday. The National Geographic explorer and filmmaker’s team left the tiny Pacific atoll of Ulithi (map) in two ships Saturday morning, local time, on the way
- [A Hive of Work](https://deepseachallenge.com/expedition-journal/a-hive-of-work/) - A Hive of Work Apra Harbor, Guam For the past four days, 30-knot winds and big seas have kept us in port. From the stern of the Mermaid Sapphire we can look past the narrow harbor entrance and see a cliff where white spray rises 25 feet (11 meters) into the air. For most of the day,
- [The Mariana Trench Monument](https://deepseachallenge.com/inside-the-expedition/the-mariana-trench-monument/) - The Mariana Trench Monument “Holy smokes!” Peering alongside Dr. Doug Bartlett at his computer screen, I was introduced to the 20-cm-long amphipods discovered on the DEEPSEA CHALLENGER dive to 27,000 feet in the New Britain Trench. The picture showed big, white, shrimp-looking creatures that were discovered at their deepest range last week. The amphipods I knew of
- [The Mother of All Oceans](https://deepseachallenge.com/expedition-journal/the-mother-of-all-oceans/) - The Mother of All Oceans Western Pacific Ocean, north of Papua New Guinea For all the right reasons, we spent 17 days on the Solomon Sea concerned about deep-sea forces like cold, corrosion, temperature, and pressure and how they affect the performance of the DEEPSEA CHALLENGER. But it took our minds away from the risks we
- [Cameron to Walsh on Record 8,000-Meter Dive: You’d Have Loved It](https://deepseachallenge.com/latest-news/cameron-to-walsh-on-record-8000-meter-dive-youd-have-loved-it/) - Cameron to Walsh on Record 8,000-Meter Dive: You’d Have Loved It The following is an email from James Cameron to Don Walsh, co-pilot of the bathyscaphe Trieste , following Cameron’s successful 8,000-meter dive to the bottom of the New Britain Trench. Don Walsh will be joining the expedition in Guam, prior to Cameron’s dive to the Challenger Deep
- [Excellent Women](https://deepseachallenge.com/expedition-journal/excellent-women/) - Excellent Women Rabaul, New Britain Island, Papua New Guinea Early this morning, on our way into Rabaul, we passed the ash-sloped volcanoes just east of town. Backlit by a blood-red sun rising out of the South Pacific Ocean, Kombiu, Taranguna, and Tavurvur seemed like ancient, dark-shouldered warriors guarding the harbor. “The fire dance is central
- [Postdive Truths Revealed](https://deepseachallenge.com/expedition-journal/postdive-truths-revealed/) - Postdive Truths Revealed Jacquinot Bay, New Britain Island, Papua New Guinea The first 24-hour period after Jim’s 7-hour dive to 12,000 feet (3,658 meters) is filled with intensive debriefing sessions in which the technical and operational truths of the dive are revealed. Here are some of them. The task loading on the pilot of the DEEPSEA
- [A Critical Step](https://deepseachallenge.com/expedition-journal/a-critical-step/) - A Critical Step Jacquinot Bay, New Britain Island, Papua New Guinea Today, Jim spent six hours at 12,000 feet (3,658 meters). Guided by his intuition and headings called down from the communications team on the ship, he travelled three miles (five kilometers) over the seafloor and made separate rendezvous with the two landers, Mike and Andrew. “It was
- [We’ve Got a Deep-Diving Sub](https://deepseachallenge.com/expedition-journal/weve-got-a-deep-diving-sub/) - We’ve Got a Deep-Diving Sub Jacquinot Bay, New Britain Island, Papua New Guinea Today Jim Cameron did all the things he’s been dreaming about since he began the engineering development of the DEEPSEA CHALLENGER eight years ago. At 3:30 this afternoon, Jim was in the pilot sphere of the DEEPSEA CHALLENGER when it was lowered into the ocean, the
- [Camera Hell](https://deepseachallenge.com/expedition-journal/camera-hell/) - Camera Hell Jacquinot Bay, New Britain Island, Papua New Guinea Yesterday, Jim tried to take the DEEPSEA CHALLENGER on a test dive to 3,281 feet (1,000 meters). He was in the water for less than an hour when technical difficulties with the boom camera and life-support system brought him back to the ship. The plan today is
- [Jim Takes First Piloted Dive](https://deepseachallenge.com/expedition-journal/jim-takes-first-piloted-dive/) - Jim Takes First Piloted Dive The heat coming off the electronics system pushed the temperature to 102°F (39°C) inside the sphere. Humidity was 100 percent. For three hours, Jim was swimming in his own sweat. This was the first time Jim piloted a dive in the DEEPSEA CHALLENGER. Just after sunset, he was lowered into the
- [Cameron Now at Ocean’s Deepest Point](https://deepseachallenge.com/latest-news/cameron-now-at-oceans-deepest-point/) - Cameron Now at Ocean’s Deepest Point As of 5:52 p.m. ET (7:52 a.m. on Monday, local time), James Cameron has arrived at the Mariana Trench‘s Challenger Deep, members of the National Geographic expedition have confirmed. His depth on arrival: 35,756 feet (10,898 meters)—a figure unattainable anywhere else in the ocean. Reaching bottom, the National Geographic explorer and filmmaker typed
- [Mapping the Deep](https://deepseachallenge.com/inside-the-expedition/mapping-the-deep/) - Mapping the Deep I’m Patty Fryer, a marine geologist from the University of Hawai’i. I was invited by Jim Cameron to participate in this expedition, and, having arrived, I am now sitting in the Mermaid Sapphire’s galley, where there is good Internet connectivity—and tea. I’m going over bathymetry (ocean depth) maps of the Challenger Deep region
- [James Cameron’s Risky Business](https://deepseachallenge.com/inside-the-expedition/james-camerons-risky-business/) - James Cameron’s Risky Business National Geographic Explorer-in-Residence James Cameron is solo-piloting a sub to the ocean’s deepest point to collect never before possible footage and samples for science. He’s also taking what many may think is an enormous risk. Read below for insights as to why and read more about the expedition risks and dangers here.
- [Master Navigator](https://deepseachallenge.com/expedition-journal/master-navigator/) - Master Navigator “We do it for the betterment of our people. We do it for safety.” Ali Haleyalut looked at Jim and smiled. Jim nodded slowly. “I understand.” The two men were sitting under a thatched-roof house on the island of Falalop in Ulithi, an atoll in the westernmost Caroline Islands. Ali, 55, is one
- [Captain’s Logs](https://deepseachallenge.com/inside-the-expedition/captains-logs/) - Captain’s Logs When you’re in the midst of an expedition in the remote reaches of the Pacific, you never know what each day, or even each hour, might bring. The DEEPSEA CHALLENGE team is subject to the whims of the weather in the open ocean; rough, stormy seas can make it impossible to get the sub in
- [Talking with Dr. Kevin Hand](https://deepseachallenge.com/expedition-journal/talking-with-dr-kevin-hand/) - Talking with Dr. Kevin Hand At noon, the survey ship Barakuda is 130 sea miles south of Guam, heading southwest at nine knots. The Mermaid Sapphire is well over the horizon ahead of us. We have 12-knot winds and moderate swells on our stern quarter. Someone mentions that we’re following the same course to the Challenger Deep as Don
- [On Route to the Challenger Deep](https://deepseachallenge.com/expedition-journal/on-route-to-the-challenger-deep/) - On Route to the Challenger Deep After a full day preparing the ship, the sub, and the lander, we departed Guam late in the evening. The Mermaid Sapphire, with 60 souls on board, steamed out of the harbor, turned left, and took up a southwest heading. The smaller and slower survey ship, Barakuda, followed her an hour
- [An Issue on Everyone’s Mind](https://deepseachallenge.com/expedition-journal/an-issue-on-everyones-mind/) - An Issue on Everyone’s Mind Apra Harbor, Guam This morning, just after sunrise, on the concrete pier in front of the Mermaid Sapphire, a Japanese fishing vessel offloaded hundreds of yellowfin tuna. I watched as a truck-mounted crane swung over the stern of the Taiseimaru No. 8 and dropped its hook over the freezer hatch. Men attached strings
- [Resupply in “Typhoon Alley”](https://deepseachallenge.com/expedition-journal/resupply-in-typhoon-alley/) - Resupply in “Typhoon Alley” Apra Harbor, Guam This morning, with wind and waves still punishing the ship, we arrived at the high-cliff island of Guam. Just before we turned into the blue sanctuary of Apra Harbor, Mother Ocean reminded us again how unpredictable and malicious she is. A member of the sub team was opening
- [A Force 6 Sea](https://deepseachallenge.com/expedition-journal/a-force-6-sea/) - A Force 6 Sea In the western Pacific, south of Guam The big waves and swells predicted in yesterday’s forecast have arrived. The best place to see their sobering size and movement is through a porthole—a round opening in the hull just above the waterline—in the ship’s mess hall. Rows of white-foam crests reach out
- [An Adventure in Vertigo](https://deepseachallenge.com/expedition-journal/an-adventure-in-vertigo/) - An Adventure in Vertigo Western Pacific Ocean, in the eastern Caroline Islands We move around the ship with the caution of night burglars. We pause before a door, wait for a few seconds, and swing it open slowly. We hesitate in hallways, put both arms out to steady ourselves, and step forward in slow motion.
- [Pollywogs and Shellbacks](https://deepseachallenge.com/expedition-journal/pollywogs-and-shellbacks/) - Pollywogs and Shellbacks A few hours after we crossed the equator, a hoary old King Neptune rose out of the sea and paid a short visit to the Mermaid Sapphire. If you were a “trusty shellback” you welcomed his arrival; if you were a “slimy pollywog” you went to your cabin and locked the door. There
- [Cameron to Dive to Deepest Point](https://deepseachallenge.com/latest-news/cameron-to-dive-to-deepest-point/) - Cameron to Dive to Deepest Point Ker Than for National Geographic News Published March 8, 2012 Squeezed into a submersible as futuristic as anything in his movies, James Cameron intends to descend solo to the ocean‘s deepest point within weeks, the Canadian filmmaker and explorer announced Thursday. Just Tuesday, during testing off Papua New Guinea, Cameron dived deeper than any
- [A Significant Discovery](https://deepseachallenge.com/expedition-journal/a-significant-discovery/) - A Significant Discovery Jaquinot Bay, New Britain Island, Papua New Guinea Just before noon, the Mermaid Sapphire lay half a mile away from the island on an ocean simmering with heat. We could smell wood smoke from a cook fire somewhere inside the thick green jungle behind the beach. We’re four degrees below the equator and as
- [A (Cautionary) Tour of the Mermaid Sapphire](https://deepseachallenge.com/expedition-journal/a-cautionary-tour-of-the-mermaid-sapphire/) - A (Cautionary) Tour of the Mermaid Sapphire Solomon Sea, south of New Britain Island On ships, people fall. They trip on steel combings and tear up an ankle. They tumble down a stairwell and rip open a knee. So far, we’ve been accident free on the Mermaid Sapphire, but on other ships Captain Stuart Buckle and
- [Planning and Paddling](https://deepseachallenge.com/expedition-journal/planning-and-paddling/) - Planning and Paddling Jacquinot Bay, New Britain Island, Papua New Guinea For the ninth day in a row, the tranquility of this majestic bay is undisturbed by wind or waves. From sunrise to sundown, the warm blue waters around the ship mirror the mountains to the north. Each morning at 7 a.m., we have a
- [Planning and Paddling](https://deepseachallenge.com/expedition-journal/planning-and-paddling/) - Planning and Paddling Jacquinot Bay, New Britain Island, Papua New Guinea For the ninth day in a row, the tranquility of this majestic bay is undisturbed by wind or waves. From sunrise to sundown, the warm blue waters around the ship mirror the mountains to the north. Each morning at 7 a.m., we have a
- [Keep on Truckin’](https://deepseachallenge.com/expedition-journal/keep-on-truckin/) - Keep on Truckin’ Jacquinot Bay, New Britain Island, Papua New Guinea Another test dive was to begin after sunset. When Jim walked into the sub hanger at 2 p.m. to start the predive checklist, the Academy Awards were underway in Los Angeles. Jules O’ Loughlin, the expedition’s director of photography, saw Jim and said, “Congratulations
- [Built for the Sea](https://deepseachallenge.com/expedition-journal/built-for-the-sea/) - Built for the Sea Jacquinot Bay, New Britain Island, Papua New Guinea Yesterday we got a look at the first wristwatch that keeps time at over 13,000 feet (4,000 meters). “It’s a lot like our new sub,” said operations manager Dave Wotherspoon with a laugh. “It’s got a viewport, a penetrator plate, and a pressure-resistant
- [Visitors View the Sub](https://deepseachallenge.com/expedition-journal/visitors-view-the-sub/) - Visitors View the Sub Jacquinot Bay, New Britain Island, Papua New Guinea This morning, Captain Stuart Buckle eased the 2,000-ton Mermaid Sapphire to within 400 yards (366 meters) of the Cape Jaquinot shore. The ship was so close we could see the trunks of big trees, the smoke of a cook fire, and the blue shadows of
- [Team Genius](https://deepseachallenge.com/expedition-journal/team-genius/) - Team Genius Jacquinot Bay, New Britain Island, Papua New Guinea After long, sun-hot days on the Mermaid Sapphire and late-night conversations with Captain Stu Buckle and his crew, the DEEPSEA CHALLENGE expedition team have come to understand an essential truth: Much of what they do on and under the ocean hinges on choices they make by instinct—in an instant—with
- [Preparing for the First 1,000-Meter Dive](https://deepseachallenge.com/expedition-journal/preparing-for-the-first-1000-meter-dive/) - Preparing for the First 1,000-Meter Dive On board the Mermaid Sapphire in Jacquinot Bay, Papua New Guinea The day before yesterday, director John Bruno and Jim Cameron flew over the great blue Jacquinot Bay and its cradle of cloud-wreathed mountains. The fast-flowing rivers, stands of huge trees, shoreside villages, and sparkling blue waters have a land-before-time quality.
- [The Ring of Fire](https://deepseachallenge.com/expedition-journal/the-ring-of-fire/) - The Ring of Fire On board the Mermaid Sapphire near Rabaul, Papua New Guinea “This is not the Ring of Fire of television and books; this is the real thing.” That’s what one of the crew members says as we head toward the entrance to Blanche Bay on New Britain Island. Ten of us are leaning against
- [The Best of Voyages](https://deepseachallenge.com/expedition-journal/the-best-of-voyages/) - The Best of Voyages On board the Mermaid Sapphire on the Solomon Sea, 100 miles from Rabaul, Papua New Guinea This is the last day of our 2,000-mile (3,219-kilometer) steam from Sydney, Australia, to Papua New Guinea. We’re five degrees south of the equator and heading northwest at 12 knots across a flat and windless ocean. Tomorrow
- [50 Ways to Get Hurt](https://deepseachallenge.com/expedition-journal/50-ways-to-get-hurt/) - 50 Ways to Get Hurt On board the Mermaid Sapphire steaming from Sydney, Australia, to Rabaul, Papua New Guinea I’ve spent the past year thinking about the risks inherent in a complex expedition like this. On a working ship testing a new sub there are 50 ways to be hurt or worse. As soon as you step
- [A No-Hitter](https://deepseachallenge.com/expedition-journal/a-no-hitter/) - A No-Hitter On board the Mermaid Sapphire off Sydney, Australia “Mariners call this a confused sea,” Captain Stu Buckle tells me. An hour before sunrise, the Mermaid Sapphire had slipped out of her berth at the Australian Navy Yard and headed into the great open harbor. Forty minutes later we’re passing through the headlands into a dark-blue ocean with
- [Hard Work and History](https://deepseachallenge.com/expedition-journal/hard-work-and-history/) - Hard Work and History On board the Mermaid Sapphire steaming from Sydney, Australia, to Rabaul, Papua New Guinea This expedition is a master class in time and risk management. From sunup to midnight today, the 28-man sub team worked on and under the sub. From her lithium-ion batteries to her hydraulic manipulator to her one-person crew sphere,
- [Men Down](https://deepseachallenge.com/expedition-journal/men-down/) - Men Down “Abort the dive.” When I heard these words as I entered the sub hanger, it was clear something was very wrong. “We just got word from the airport. The helicopter has gone down. Andrew and Mike were inside,” Jim said. He struggled for the next words. “They should be okay. People walk away
- [Seasick on the Mermaid Sapphire](https://deepseachallenge.com/expedition-journal/seasick-on-the-mermaid-sapphire/) - Seasick on the Mermaid Sapphire Last night we headed back to Jervis Bay—a ten-hour passage with 30-knot winds from the southeast and seas of 10 to 13 feet (3 to 4 meters). It was a difficult trip. The pitch and roll motion of the Mermaid Sapphire sent a lot of people to their berths. Some of us
- [Predive Preparations](https://deepseachallenge.com/expedition-journal/predive-preparations/) - Predive Preparations Sydney Harbour, Australia The team is getting better. Yesterday it took five hours to run the checklist; today things are moving faster. At 11 a.m., the sub hanger fills with men whose task is to make sure the DEEPSEA CHALLENGER is ready for her first manned dive. John Garvin is inside the crew sphere going
- [DEEPSEA CHALLENGER Makes First “Dive”](https://deepseachallenge.com/expedition-journal/deepsea-challenger-makes-first-dive/) - DEEPSEA CHALLENGER Makes First “Dive” Sydney Harbour, Australia Last night, while the city slept, a large flatbed truck carried the DEEPSEA CHALLENGER out of the shop and down narrow and twisting streets to the Garden Island Naval Depot in Sydney Harbour. It was an emotional moment for the more than 30 engineers and technicians who had worked
- [Launch-and-Recovery Trials in Jervis Bay](https://deepseachallenge.com/expedition-journal/launch-and-recovery-trials-in-jervis-bay/) - Launch-and-Recovery Trials in Jervis Bay Jervis Bay, Australia From decades of exploring oceans, I know that in big seas, launch and recovery is the riskiest part of the dive. If the sub swings out of control it’ll destroy itself, damage the ship, and turn the pilot into pink hash. In the case of the DEEPSEA CHALLENGER,
- [Don Walsh Visits the Expedition Team](https://deepseachallenge.com/expedition-journal/don-walsh-visits-the-expedition-team/) - Don Walsh Visits the Expedition Team Sydney, Australia “I expected to find pieces; I didn’t expect to find your vehicle almost operational,” said 81-year-old Don Walsh as he looked at the DEEPSEA CHALLENGER, the most sophisticated deep-sea submarine ever built. Fifty-two years ago today, Don was one of two men who climbed into the 150-ton bathyscaphe Trieste,
- [Dive Day Facts](https://deepseachallenge.com/inside-the-expedition/dive-day-facts/) - Dive Day Facts The DEEPSEA CHALLENGER is equipped with power for its lights, thrusters, and cameras, but James Cameron didn’t need fuel or batteries or any kind of man-made power to descend to the deepest point on the ocean floor. All it took was simple gravity. About 1,100 pounds (500 kilograms) of weights pulled the submersible nearly
- [Resolute Courage](https://deepseachallenge.com/expedition-journal/resolute-courage/) - Resolute Courage Ulithi At dawn this morning, after steaming southwest all night, the Mermaid Sapphire arrived at Ulithi, the nearest land to the Challenger Deep. Six of the islands surrounding its enormous lagoon hung on the horizon like compressed emeralds. We turned slowly into the lee of Falalop Island and stopped in front of its white-sand beach.
- [National Geographic News: Scientific Results](https://deepseachallenge.com/latest-news/national-geographic-news-scientific-results/) - National Geographic News: Scientific Results The spotlight is shining once again on the deepest ecosystems in the ocean—Challenger Deep in the Mariana Trench (map) and the New Britain Trench near Papua New Guinea. At a presentation today at the American Geophysical Union’s conference in San Francisco, attendees got a glimpse into these mysterious ecosystems nearly 7 miles
- [Creating the Expedition “Memory”](https://deepseachallenge.com/uncategorized/creating-the-expedition-memory/) - Creating the Expedition “Memory” Ulithi This morning the Mermaid Sapphire steamed south of Falalop Island for two miles, turned west, and passed through Mugai Channel into Ulithi’s 212-square-mile (549-square-kilometer) lagoon. From the ship’s bridge we saw a magnificent reach of blue water 22 miles (35 kilometers) long and more than 10 miles (16 kilometers) wide. In the
- [The Curiosity Chromosome](https://deepseachallenge.com/expedition-journal/the-curiosity-chromosome/) - The Curiosity Chromosome Asor Island This morning we moved the Mermaid Sapphire half a mile east into the lee of Asor Island. It gave more protection from the wind and brought us closer to another of the emerald-green islets that dot the rim of this spectacular lagoon. The breeze was blowing at 20 knots and the tiny stretch
- [The Checklist Guru](https://deepseachallenge.com/expedition-journal/the-checklist-guru/) - The Checklist Guru Ulithi This morning we moved the Mermaid Sapphire a short distance inside the Ulithi lagoon until she was over the U.S.S. Mississinewa, an oil tanker that was torpedoed in 1944 and went to the bottom fully loaded. The wind had more strength than yesterday and a three-knot current was running. We dropped the ship’s remotely operated vehicle (ROV) over the side
- [The Sub Tamer](https://deepseachallenge.com/expedition-journal/the-sub-tamer/) - The Sub Tamer Ulithi Atoll Last night the Mermaid Sapphire left the lagoon and steamed to the deep water on the west side of Ulithi Atoll. At 4 a.m. the ship’s bow and stern thrusters began holding us in position a few miles west of the Zowariyau Passage. Today’s objective is to prepare for our next dive into
- [The Master Builder](https://deepseachallenge.com/expedition-journal/the-master-builder/)
- [Believing in Exploration](https://deepseachallenge.com/expedition-journal/believing-in-exploration/) - Believing in Exploration Today we made two more dives with the DEEPSEA CHALLENGER. They were brief excursions to moderate depths but confirmed the team’s ability to turn the sub around quickly. She went in the water at 4 a.m. and descended to 800 feet (244 meters). Six hours later, with Jim in the pilot sphere for
- [National Geographic to Honor Jacques Piccard](https://deepseachallenge.com/latest-news/national-geographic-to-honor-jacques-piccard/) - National Geographic to Honor Jacques Piccard The late Swiss oceanographer Jacques Piccard will be honored by the National Geographic Society at its “Evening of Exploration” event, presented by Rolex, tonight (Thursday, June 14) for his record-breaking dive to the ocean’s deepest point in 1960. Fifty-two years after he and U.S. Navy Capt. Don Walsh became
- [National Geographic News: Cameron Exclusive](https://deepseachallenge.com/latest-news/national-geographic-news-cameron-exclusive/) - National Geographic News: Cameron Exclusive When he made his historic solo dive into the Mariana Trench last month, James Cameron brought back images and descriptions of a “lunar like” marine landscape nearly devoid of life. But a scant few weeks later, the filmmaker and explorer is eager for himself and project scientists to dive again into Challenger Deep, an undersea valley
- [Milestones](https://deepseachallenge.com/uncategorized/milestones/) - MILESTONES FilterExpedition JournalLatest News March 30, 2013DEEPSEA CHALLENGER Sub Tour AnnouncedDEEPSEA CHALLENGER Sub Tour Announced Director James Cameron to launch DEEPSEA CHALLENGER on cross-country journey from California…Read More March 26, 2013James Cameron Partners With WHOIJames Cameron Partners With WHOI Explorer and filmmaker James Cameron and Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution (WHOI) have formed a…Read More March 20, 2013James Cameron Reflects on ExplorationJames
- [The Film](https://deepseachallenge.com/uncategorized/the-film/) - THE FILM SYNOPSIS As a boy, filmmaker James Cameron dreamed of a journey to the deepest part of the ocean. This film is the dramatic fulfillment of that dream. It chronicles Cameron’s solo dive to the depths of the Mariana Trench—nearly seven miles beneath the ocean’s surface—piloting a submersible he designed himself. The risks were
- [The Science](https://deepseachallenge.com/uncategorized/the-science/) - THE SCIENCE The deepest parts of the ocean are the least explored places on our planet. Immense water pressure and a complete absence of sunlight make this environment nearly as unwelcoming as outer space. Yet locked in these dark depths could be clues that will help us better understand our world. When the DEEPSEA CHALLENGER dropped nearly
- [The Sub](https://deepseachallenge.com/uncategorized/the-sub/) - THE SUB Editor’s note: On March 26, 2012, James Cameron made a record-breaking solo dive to the Earth’s deepest point, successfully piloting the DEEPSEA CHALLENGER nearly 7 seven miles (11 kilometers) to the Challenger Deep in the Mariana Trench. DEEPSEA CHALLENGE is now in its second phase—scientific analysis of the expedition’s findings. Click here for news about the historic
- [The Expedition](https://deepseachallenge.com/uncategorized/the-expeditions/) - THE EXPEDITION ”I’ve always dreamed of diving to the deepest place in the oceans. For me it went from a boyhood fantasy to a real quest, like climbing Everest, as I learned more about deep-ocean exploration and became an explorer myself in real life. This quest was not driven by the need to set records,
- [About Dr. Joe MacInnis](https://deepseachallenge.com/expedition-journal/about-dr-joe-macinnis/) - About Dr. Joe MacInnis Dr. Joe MacInnis is a physician-scientist, writer, and deep-sea explorer who studies leadership in high-risk environments. He’s led ten research expeditions under the ice of the Arctic Ocean, worked with marine scientists two miles under the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans, and spent time with astronauts who built the International Space Station.
- [Expedition Update: Phase II Begins](https://deepseachallenge.com/latest-news/expedition-update-phase-ii-begins/) - Expedition Update: Phase II Begins After its historic achievement of making the first successful solo dive to the Mariana Trench, DEEPSEA CHALLENGE, the joint scientific expedition from James Cameron, National Geographic, and Rolex, shifts from an active expedition at sea to its next phase of scientific analysis, long-term planning, and solicitation of support for science around
- [DEEPSEA CHALLENGE Results](https://deepseachallenge.com/latest-news/deepsea-challenge-results/) - DEEPSEA CHALLENGE Results Play Video
- [Talk With a Nat Geo Explorer](https://deepseachallenge.com/latest-news/talk-with-a-nat-geo-explorer/) - Talk With a Nat Geo Explorer Join some of National Geographic’s biggest names in exploration and innovation Sunday, January 13th for our most epic Google+ Hangout to date. Be part of the conversation with a diverse group of explorers, including such legends as Robert Ballard, James Cameron, and Jane Goodall. We’ll also chat with cave diver Kenny Broad, Crittercam
- [125 Years of National Geographic](https://deepseachallenge.com/latest-news/125-years-of-national-geographic/) - 125 Years of National Geographic On January 13, 1888, thirty-three men gathered at the Cosmos Club in Washington D.C., and made a plan to form a new scientific society that would support research and spread the word about their findings (see photos and bios of the founders). To kick off a full year of celebrating
- [James Cameron Reflects on Exploration](https://deepseachallenge.com/latest-news/james-cameron-reflects-on-exploration/) - James Cameron Reflects on Exploration On March 16, The Explorers Club, an organization headquartered in New York City and dedicated to preserving humanity’s instinct to explore, awarded filmmaker and National Geographic Explorer-in-Residence James Cameron their highest honor—the Explorers Club Medal. Honored for the cutting-edge submersible technology that took him to the bottom of the Mariana Trench—nearly seven miles (11
- [DEEPSEA CHALLENGER Sub Tour Announced](https://deepseachallenge.com/latest-news/deepsea-challenger-sub-tour-announced/) - DEEPSEA CHALLENGER Sub Tour Announced Director James Cameron to launch DEEPSEA CHALLENGER on cross-country journey from California Science Center. LOS ANGELES – Director and Explorer James Cameron, California Science Center President Jeffrey Rudolph, and MUSE School co-founder Suzy Amis Cameron will celebrate the send-off of the DEEPSEA CHALLENGER, the submarine Cameron used to reach record-breaking ocean depths, as it
- [James Cameron Partners With WHOI](https://deepseachallenge.com/latest-news/james-cameron-partners-with-whoi/) - James Cameron Partners With WHOI Explorer and filmmaker James Cameron and Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution (WHOI) have formed a partnership to stimulate advances in ocean science and technology and build on the historic breakthroughs of the 2013 Cameron-led DEEPSEA CHALLENGE expedition exploring deep-ocean trenches. The announcement comes on the one-year-anniversary of Cameron’s unprecedented solo dive to 35,787, almost 11,000 meters, to the deepest
- [The Experience](https://deepseachallenge.com/the-expedition/the-experience/) - THE EXPERIENCE Editor’s note: On March 26, 2012, James Cameron made a record-breaking solo dive to the Earth’s deepest point, successfully piloting the DEEPSEA CHALLENGER nearly 7 seven miles (11 kilometers) to the Challenger Deep in the Mariana Trench. DEEPSEA CHALLENGE is now in its second phase—scientific analysis of the expedition’s findings. Click here for news about the historic dive, an
- [DEEPSEA CHALLENGE 3D, In Theaters August 8, 2014](https://deepseachallenge.com/milestones/deepsea-challenge-3d-in-theaters-august-8-2014/) - Hey, fans of DEEPSEA CHALLENGE! Have you heard the news? At long last, James Cameron’s film about his history-making dive will be out in theaters starting August 8, 2014! Previews of the film had audiences cheering at the end…remember, what Cameron had to do to prepare for this feat was nothing short of amazing, and not unlike going to
- [Film Released for IMAX®, Giant Screen, and Digital Cinemas](https://deepseachallenge.com/milestones/film-released-for-imax-giant-screen-and-digital-cinemas/) - WASHINGTON, DC (January 6, 2015)— There are human footprints on the moon and rovers on Mars, but our deepest oceans remain a mystery. Largely unexplored, these dark depths are Earth’s last frontier, yet they could unlock clues to understanding our planet. That notion inspires a history-making scientific expedition at the heart of a new large
- [Preparing a “Great Whale”](https://deepseachallenge.com/expedition-journal/preparing-a-great-whale/) - Preparing a “Great Whale” Jacquinot Bay, New Britain Island, Papua New Guinea A sprawling gray raincloud moves in from the west and hangs over the bay for most of the afternoon. The intermittent rain—more like a Scottish mist than a tropical downpour—brings welcome relief from the sun and the heat. After the rain, slim ghosts
- [Record-Breaking Dive](https://deepseachallenge.com/expedition-journal/record-breaking-dive/) - Record-Breaking Dive Solomon Sea, south of New Britain Island, Papua New Guinea “DEEPSEA CHALLENGER had both booms extended and all her lights blazing,” said underwater photographer Simon Christidis. “I tracked her downward until she was swallowed by the darkness.” Simon was at a depth of a 100 feet (30 meters), filming with his 3-D camera, when the tall
- [Good Friends](https://deepseachallenge.com/expedition-journal/good-friends/) - Good Friends The wind has dropped off to 15 knots and the waves are diminishing in size. If the weather continues like this we’ll leave Guam within the next 48 hours and head out to the Challenger Deep. Our last day in port gives me a chance to talk to some of the people who
- [The First Transfer](https://deepseachallenge.com/expedition-journal/the-first-transfer/) - The First Transfer Onboard the S.S. Barakuda, steaming to Ulithi Atoll At midday we’re on a course of 240 degrees, steaming toward Ulithi, 40 islets surrounding an enormous, oval-shaped lagoon in the westernmost Caroline Islands. Rain clouds in every direction have turned the sky a ghostly gray. Winds, waves, and swells pushing on our stern from
- [The First Transfer](https://deepseachallenge.com/expedition-journal/the-first-transfer/) - The First Transfer Onboard the S.S. Barakuda, steaming to Ulithi Atoll At midday we’re on a course of 240 degrees, steaming toward Ulithi, 40 islets surrounding an enormous, oval-shaped lagoon in the westernmost Caroline Islands. Rain clouds in every direction have turned the sky a ghostly gray. Winds, waves, and swells pushing on our stern from

## Pages

- [Home](https://deepseachallenge.com/) - DEEPER THAN EVEREST’S PEAK THE LEAST KNOWN AND EXPLORED PLACE ON EARTH TO ANSWER SCIENCE’S ENDURING QUESTIONS We know less about the deepest points on our planet than we do about the surface of Mars. The DEEPSEA CHALLENGE team is dedicated to advancing the world’s understanding of our ocean’s vast range of biological and geological phenomena. The
- [Latest News](https://deepseachallenge.com/latest-news/) - LATEST NEWS FilterLatest News March 30, 2013DEEPSEA CHALLENGER Sub Tour AnnouncedDEEPSEA CHALLENGER Sub Tour Announced Director James Cameron to launch DEEPSEA CHALLENGER on cross-country journey from California…Read More March 26, 2013James Cameron Partners With WHOIJames Cameron Partners With WHOI Explorer and filmmaker James Cameron and Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution (WHOI) have formed a…Read More March 20, 2013James Cameron Reflects on ExplorationJames
- [Milestones](https://deepseachallenge.com/milestones/) - MILESTONES FilterExpedition JournalInside the ExpeditionLatest News March 30, 2013DEEPSEA CHALLENGER Sub Tour AnnouncedDEEPSEA CHALLENGER Sub Tour Announced Director James Cameron to launch DEEPSEA CHALLENGER on cross-country journey from California…Read More March 26, 2013James Cameron Partners With WHOIJames Cameron Partners With WHOI Explorer and filmmaker James Cameron and Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution (WHOI) have formed a…Read More March 20, 2013James Cameron Reflects
- [The Team](https://deepseachallenge.com/the-team/) - THE TEAM More than a hundred people, ranging from engineers to biologists to filmmakers, came together to make this expedition happen. Members of the science team were on hand for the dives to provide analysis of never before collected samples and data from these depths, while engineers and crew members were on-site to make sure
- [The Science](https://deepseachallenge.com/the-science/) - THE SCIENCE The deepest parts of the ocean are the least explored places on our planet. Immense water pressure and a complete absence of sunlight make this environment nearly as unwelcoming as outer space. Yet locked in these dark depths could be clues that will help us better understand our world. When the DEEPSEA CHALLENGER dropped nearly
- [The Sub](https://deepseachallenge.com/the-sub/) - THE SUB In building the DEEPSEA CHALLENGER, Cameron and his team of engineers and scientists wanted to accomplish several objectives: To create and operate a vehicle that can carry a human pilot to the deepest sites in Earth’s oceans and perform work with significant bottom time for research activities; To demonstrate the ability to dive
- [The Expedition](https://deepseachallenge.com/the-expedition/) - THE EXPEDITION ”I’ve always dreamed of diving to the deepest place in the oceans. For me it went from a boyhood fantasy to a real quest, like climbing Everest, as I learned more about deep-ocean exploration and became an explorer myself in real life. This quest was not driven by the need to set records,
- [The Film](https://deepseachallenge.com/the-film/) - THE FILM SYNOPSIS As a boy, filmmaker James Cameron dreamed of a journey to the deepest part of the ocean. This film is the dramatic fulfillment of that dream. It chronicles Cameron’s solo dive to the depths of the Mariana Trench—nearly seven miles beneath the ocean’s surface—piloting a submersible he designed himself. The risks were
- [Test](https://deepseachallenge.com/test/) - Play Video DEEPER THAN EVEREST’S PEAK THE LEAST KNOWN AND EXPLORED PLACE ON EARTH TO ANSWER SCIENCE’S ENDURING QUESTIONS We know less about the deepest points on our planet than we do about the surface of Mars. The DEEPSEA CHALLENGE team is dedicated to advancing the world’s understanding of our ocean’s vast range of biological and geological

## Media Hub

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## Categories

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~~~

## llms-full

Not found.